LAMP is an acronym that generally stands for Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP respectively. The meaning of each letter can be substituted though, with the last letter being the most modular. M can also stand for mod python and P has ranged from Perl to Python.
It is an acronym that represents free or open source software that can be used in conjunction with each other to have a framework for launching stable online applications at a low cost. Gnu/Linux is the most well known free operating system and very often, Apache servers will be running on a Linux machine. Apache is an HTTP web server that has been in existence for a fairly long time and has a very large market share. MySQL is a database management program that allows for relatively powerful data management that multiple users can use simultaneously. PHP is a scripting language commonly associated with the development of dynamic websites.
The reason why LAMP is an effective way of setting up web applications is that each component has been individually tested on the field for some time now and they all perform very well for their tasks. Linux and Apache are the backbone of this acronym in my opinion, as Linux provides the free operating system for the hardware to run on and Apache is the application that everything else will depend on. Both also offer features that are comparable to their non-free counterparts, Windows and the .NET framework respectively. MySQL is widely used, but swapping it for some other data management system such as PostgreSQL and Oracle is more common than swapping Linux and Apache. MySQL however provides a lot of features that made it appealing enough that information-intensive websites such as Wikipedia and Youtube uses it. PHP is arguably the most interchanged component, as some consider large PHP code as difficult to maintain and use Python or Ruby on Rails or another language as a substitute.
Sunday, February 24, 2008
Monday, February 18, 2008
3.4 Bullet Points
1. I think that the assistant chief was worried that the mural would stir controversy that the department would rather not deal with. Religion and anything affiliated with it tends to do that. The main factor that probably motivated his decision was that the department is in charge of security and the mural is a risk factor for vandalism, protest, and other possible unnecessary time sinks for the department.
Ideally, i think that the people affected should have tried to set a second meeting with the assistant chief of police and maybe the department itself before letting the assistant chief leave. This way, the assistant chief doesn't leave thinking that he had it his way only to be confronted later with something different. Also, confronting him then and there wouldn't be ideal as both sides weren't prepared for a confrontation yet.
2. "I" separates itself from the "We" due to the nature of individuality. The individual has their own set of beliefs, motivations, abilities, and other attributes and qualities that can be called his or her own. What brings "I" and "We" together is when multiple individuals bring something positive (unique or not) to the table. "We" are actually individual "I"s working together in different ways to accomplish the same goal.
The multiple levels of "I" that i saw were the people as individuals, the students who were connected to each other VS the community they were going to help, and the artists, students, community partners, the teacher, etc VS the assistant chief's idea. The multiple levels of "we" were the educated students VS the "at-risk" artists, the people that saw the mural as a source of empowerment VS those who saw the mural as a source of controversy, and the community as a whole. In other words, the multiple levels of "I" ranged from individuals to a broad group of people with something that binds them together, and the multiple levels of "we" ranged from the same broad group of people as "I", to the entire community as a whole.
Ideally, i think that the people affected should have tried to set a second meeting with the assistant chief of police and maybe the department itself before letting the assistant chief leave. This way, the assistant chief doesn't leave thinking that he had it his way only to be confronted later with something different. Also, confronting him then and there wouldn't be ideal as both sides weren't prepared for a confrontation yet.
2. "I" separates itself from the "We" due to the nature of individuality. The individual has their own set of beliefs, motivations, abilities, and other attributes and qualities that can be called his or her own. What brings "I" and "We" together is when multiple individuals bring something positive (unique or not) to the table. "We" are actually individual "I"s working together in different ways to accomplish the same goal.
The multiple levels of "I" that i saw were the people as individuals, the students who were connected to each other VS the community they were going to help, and the artists, students, community partners, the teacher, etc VS the assistant chief's idea. The multiple levels of "we" were the educated students VS the "at-risk" artists, the people that saw the mural as a source of empowerment VS those who saw the mural as a source of controversy, and the community as a whole. In other words, the multiple levels of "I" ranged from individuals to a broad group of people with something that binds them together, and the multiple levels of "we" ranged from the same broad group of people as "I", to the entire community as a whole.
I'm on ur Intarwebz...
My understanding of positive and negative rights from Sara Baase's explanation is that positive rights are rights that society has to actively enforce and that negative rights are rights that society has to consciously not break. A simpler way of phrasing it is that positive rights involve "doing something" while negative rights involve "not doing something". The two rights can also be viewed as active and passive rights respectively, where positive rights aren't fulfilled until something is actively done to promote it while negative rights are always there until something counteracts it.
A situation where we can view the two rights with respect to digital privacy is the use of Torrents. If, say, we had a positive right to be anonymous whenever we are seeding or leeching off a Torrent, then it would be fulfilled when the law considers it illegal, the client in use actively hides your IP address from anyone who wants to view it with the use of encryption, proxies, and whatnot and Torrent clients disallowed the user from viewing those who are linked to a Torrent tracker. If the same right was a negative right, then users are not allowed by law to use IP addresses linked to the tracker to trace the identity of a user. Whether or not there are safety measures in place to prevent tracing or viewing IP addresses is irrelevant to the negative right.
As for which one would be more appropriate for digital privacy, I never choose an extreme and i think that a combination of the two is needed to ensure the best coverage of privacy. However, just between the two, I would rather have negative rights rather than positive rights. This is because there rights explicitly say what you cannot do and implies that anything else is considered fair game. When properly worded, it also appears to me that negative rights also leave less room for loop holes and grey areas as compared to positive right.
A situation where we can view the two rights with respect to digital privacy is the use of Torrents. If, say, we had a positive right to be anonymous whenever we are seeding or leeching off a Torrent, then it would be fulfilled when the law considers it illegal, the client in use actively hides your IP address from anyone who wants to view it with the use of encryption, proxies, and whatnot and Torrent clients disallowed the user from viewing those who are linked to a Torrent tracker. If the same right was a negative right, then users are not allowed by law to use IP addresses linked to the tracker to trace the identity of a user. Whether or not there are safety measures in place to prevent tracing or viewing IP addresses is irrelevant to the negative right.
As for which one would be more appropriate for digital privacy, I never choose an extreme and i think that a combination of the two is needed to ensure the best coverage of privacy. However, just between the two, I would rather have negative rights rather than positive rights. This is because there rights explicitly say what you cannot do and implies that anything else is considered fair game. When properly worded, it also appears to me that negative rights also leave less room for loop holes and grey areas as compared to positive right.
Sunday, February 10, 2008
Knowing your role
I interpret being a responsible citizen as one who helps assure that the community that they are living in continue to progress for the good of all or the majority involved. However, this is only limited to actions and decisions wherein there is an unanimous agreement or that those who aren't for it aren't necessarily opposed to it either. For example, if all of the the community agrees to ban gay marriage, then it should be banned or not recognized for that area. However, if there are those who oppose, then it is not considered progress for the community as not everyone agrees on it.
Should colleges and universities teach students about being a good citizen? I am on the side for them being allowed to do so but not mandated by the state or country to do so. This however assumes that there is a similar college nearby with the same level of education which provides the other option, which allows students the ability to choose. In the case where this situation doesn't exist, then i feel that colleges that want to teach about proper citizenship should at least give the option to students to opt out of the program.
Should colleges and universities teach students about being a good citizen? I am on the side for them being allowed to do so but not mandated by the state or country to do so. This however assumes that there is a similar college nearby with the same level of education which provides the other option, which allows students the ability to choose. In the case where this situation doesn't exist, then i feel that colleges that want to teach about proper citizenship should at least give the option to students to opt out of the program.
What the, is that my ex going into my best friend's aparment?!
In Google's never-ending attempt to contain the knowledge of everything ever known and unknown to man into little metallic boxes redundantly hooked together on some shelf in their basement, they have brought us Google Street View! This feature, introduced in 2007, allows anyone to view a select amount of cities from the ground and see what it's like on the streets. You can swirl around your viewpoint using a mouse and see if that restaurant you were going to ahead of time so you don't accidentally miss it or find your friend's house if you can't remember what number his house is on a street. From the original set of cities that included San Francisco, New York, and Las Vegas, it has expanded to contain other locales such as Phoenix and Indianapolis.
This sounds all good and nice and all, but like all good things on the Internet, there's usually a drawback to it and Street View is no exception. Google was able to bring this feature by essentially driving around with a camera and taking pictures of everything, and i do mean everything.Together with the innocent shots of random pedestrians minding their own business, there are pictures of sunbathing girls, men walking out of a gentleman's bar, and one guy breaking in to a house.
The issue of privacy is obviously going to be raised in a situation like this. The important part is whether Google acknowledges it and they have. Initially, the process of getting your picture off Street View was difficult, but they eventually decided to make things easier for themselves and the consumer. Now, if you see a picture of yourself on it doing something that you wouldn't want your boss/wife/friends to see, or if you think that there's something on it that warrants removal, you could just click on "Street View" help on the top of the image and "Report inappropriate picture" at the bottom of it. It will give you a link to a page where you can explain why the picture should be removed and submit it to Google for review. I do not know how fast Google's response time on these requests are, but given Kevin Bankston's reply, it would probably take at least 5 days.
As for whether or not i feel that Google has done its part, i think that it is adequate. I hate to beat a dead horse, but i'm on the side that says that no one should need your consent to use your image when you are in public. After all, you share that space along with everyone else and that means that people will see you, it's just that now there is a possibility that millions may see you through the Internet instead of the usual hundreds that are on the street. They now also provide a way for you to remove a picture too, which should be enough to satisfy most.
This sounds all good and nice and all, but like all good things on the Internet, there's usually a drawback to it and Street View is no exception. Google was able to bring this feature by essentially driving around with a camera and taking pictures of everything, and i do mean everything.Together with the innocent shots of random pedestrians minding their own business, there are pictures of sunbathing girls, men walking out of a gentleman's bar, and one guy breaking in to a house.
The issue of privacy is obviously going to be raised in a situation like this. The important part is whether Google acknowledges it and they have. Initially, the process of getting your picture off Street View was difficult, but they eventually decided to make things easier for themselves and the consumer. Now, if you see a picture of yourself on it doing something that you wouldn't want your boss/wife/friends to see, or if you think that there's something on it that warrants removal, you could just click on "Street View" help on the top of the image and "Report inappropriate picture" at the bottom of it. It will give you a link to a page where you can explain why the picture should be removed and submit it to Google for review. I do not know how fast Google's response time on these requests are, but given Kevin Bankston's reply, it would probably take at least 5 days.
As for whether or not i feel that Google has done its part, i think that it is adequate. I hate to beat a dead horse, but i'm on the side that says that no one should need your consent to use your image when you are in public. After all, you share that space along with everyone else and that means that people will see you, it's just that now there is a possibility that millions may see you through the Internet instead of the usual hundreds that are on the street. They now also provide a way for you to remove a picture too, which should be enough to satisfy most.
Sunday, February 3, 2008
In 10 years, i'll have hair as black as Michael Jackson!
So... where do i think i'll be in 5 years...
First, i'm going to do my best to actually be able to stay here in the U.S. after I graduate by finding a job. Afterwards, maybe 2 years into it, I will apply for a Green Card and continue working to gain experience. By year 5, I could see myself being either the head of the technical side of the place I work at if it is a small company or part of a team if i am in a larger company.
In 10 years, i see myself waiting on my application for change of citizenship to be approved. In the mean time, I would have helped made the small company I worked in grow into something much bigger or making an impact along side my team in the bigger one. On the side, i'll have a couple of projects that I will be working on, possibly with some of my friends that i've made from college to this point. I expect to see a lot of sleepless nights at this point as I will also be struggling to squeeze in some sort of social interaction outside of the workplace at this point, but knowing that it will pay off in the future.
First, i'm going to do my best to actually be able to stay here in the U.S. after I graduate by finding a job. Afterwards, maybe 2 years into it, I will apply for a Green Card and continue working to gain experience. By year 5, I could see myself being either the head of the technical side of the place I work at if it is a small company or part of a team if i am in a larger company.
In 10 years, i see myself waiting on my application for change of citizenship to be approved. In the mean time, I would have helped made the small company I worked in grow into something much bigger or making an impact along side my team in the bigger one. On the side, i'll have a couple of projects that I will be working on, possibly with some of my friends that i've made from college to this point. I expect to see a lot of sleepless nights at this point as I will also be struggling to squeeze in some sort of social interaction outside of the workplace at this point, but knowing that it will pay off in the future.
Symmetric and Asymmetric Key encryption
Symmetric-key encryption is defined by their use of secret or private keys which are shared among users to encrypt data by moving bits around and scrambling data based on the key. This method is considered very safe as a good algorithm can scramble data effectively enough that patterns and frequency are obfuscated enough that they would have to theoretically use brute force and try out all possible combinations of keys before finding the correct one. The attacker also runs the risk of finding a key that would produce an output that may seem correct but really isn't.
Asymmetric-key encryption is defined by the use of public and private keys to keep data secure by using both keys with a set algorithm such as AES. The Public key is just that, public where everyone can see it, which allows them to encrypt data and send it to another user. The user on the receiving end of the data will then decrypt the data using their private key, which theoretically they should keep private so that no one else can decrypt the message. The data is encrypted with the idea of one way functions such as modular arithmetic wherein there is no clear way to go backwards in the formula given just the result and the formula. However, if you know an extra bit of information (the private key), then going backward and decrypting the message becomes easy. The only way to compute for the key is through brute force, trying out all possible valid combinations. In this case though, the keys usually go to the square root of N amount of keys because of the nature of the key being the product of two large, usually prime, numbers.
Symmetric-key encryption confirms a user's ID by the fact that the user can encrypt and decrypt data sent between the two users. This is because it is assumed that if another user knows the secret key, then you probably gave it to them. Asymmetric-key encryption on the other hand uses a form of double encryption to confirm identities. One side encrypts the data using their private key then the receiver's public key, sends it off and the only one that can completely decrypt the data is the receiver who first uses his private key then the sender's public key.
Symmetric-key encryption is generally considered to be the safer encryption
standard because there are more keys to try out before you potentially guess the correct one. It is also faster to encrypt and decrypt symmetric-key encrypted data, which makes it ideal for transferring large files. However, it does have disadvantages though, such as the problem of distributing the key to other people, one time transactions, and the key being revealed to the public.
Asymmetric-key encryption on the other hand has one big advantage over symmetric-key encryption. It allows for a secure first contact anyone who has a public key, making key distribution not a problem. Other than that, it also gives way to other uses such as digital cash, anonymous business transactions, and digital signature.
Asymmetric-key encryption is defined by the use of public and private keys to keep data secure by using both keys with a set algorithm such as AES. The Public key is just that, public where everyone can see it, which allows them to encrypt data and send it to another user. The user on the receiving end of the data will then decrypt the data using their private key, which theoretically they should keep private so that no one else can decrypt the message. The data is encrypted with the idea of one way functions such as modular arithmetic wherein there is no clear way to go backwards in the formula given just the result and the formula. However, if you know an extra bit of information (the private key), then going backward and decrypting the message becomes easy. The only way to compute for the key is through brute force, trying out all possible valid combinations. In this case though, the keys usually go to the square root of N amount of keys because of the nature of the key being the product of two large, usually prime, numbers.
Symmetric-key encryption confirms a user's ID by the fact that the user can encrypt and decrypt data sent between the two users. This is because it is assumed that if another user knows the secret key, then you probably gave it to them. Asymmetric-key encryption on the other hand uses a form of double encryption to confirm identities. One side encrypts the data using their private key then the receiver's public key, sends it off and the only one that can completely decrypt the data is the receiver who first uses his private key then the sender's public key.
Symmetric-key encryption is generally considered to be the safer encryption
standard because there are more keys to try out before you potentially guess the correct one. It is also faster to encrypt and decrypt symmetric-key encrypted data, which makes it ideal for transferring large files. However, it does have disadvantages though, such as the problem of distributing the key to other people, one time transactions, and the key being revealed to the public.
Asymmetric-key encryption on the other hand has one big advantage over symmetric-key encryption. It allows for a secure first contact anyone who has a public key, making key distribution not a problem. Other than that, it also gives way to other uses such as digital cash, anonymous business transactions, and digital signature.
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